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（同濟大學土木工程防災國家級重點實驗室， 上海 200092）
［摘要］干煤棚結構一般采用輕質屋面體系，是一種典型的風敏感結構。因此，風荷載是控制結構設計的主要側向荷載之一，是進行結構設計不可忽視的問題。本文對兩個矢跨比相同而分別在端截面采用開口形式和采用半球形網殼封閉形式的干煤棚（柱面和球面網殼組合式干煤棚）進行了剛性模型風洞測壓試驗，對干煤棚結構表面的平均風壓的分布特征、極值風壓系數隨風向角的變化以及周邊的干擾效應進行了研究。同時，就端部開口及端部封閉對風荷載分布的影響進行了比較和分析。研究發(fā)現，端部半球形封閉使得干煤棚整體結構轉接過渡自然，表面不存在尖銳棱角，不會出現大的旋渦脫落，可有效減小干煤棚邊緣處20%~40%的平均風荷載，其結果可以供設計同類工程修建或擴建時參考。
［關鍵詞］干煤棚； 風洞試驗； 網殼結構； 風壓系數； 端截面
中圖分類號： TU352 文獻標識碼： A文章編號： 1002-848X(2016)S1-0963-06
Experimental study of wind loads on open-end and closed-end dry coal shed structures
Zhong Qi, Lan Zhikun, Huang Peng, Gu Ming
(State Key Laboratory of Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China)
Abstract: Dry coal shed is typical wind-sensitive structure because of the light-weight roof.Wind load is one of the control loads of dry coal shed, and can’t be ignored in structure design. Based on the rigid wind tunnel tests of two kinds of dry coal sheds, whose rise-span-ratiosare samewhile withdifferent end section (one is open, and the other one uses the combination of hemispherical reticulated and cylindrical shell).The distribution characteristics ofthe mean wind pressure coefficients and variation of the extreme wind pressure coefficient with wind direction angleson dry coal sheds arestudied. The interference effects of the surrounding structures are also considered. In the meantime, the influence of coal shed open-end and closed-end to the wind load distributionisdiscussed. It is found that the hemispherical shape makestransition nature, and there is no sharp edge on the surface, so wind loads are smaller. The closed-end design effectivelyreducesof the average windpressure coefficients by 20% to 40%. By data analysis, the experiment results can be used for dry coal shedexpanding or similar projects.
Keywords：coalshed structure; wind tunnel test; network shell structure; windpressure coefficient; endsection
通訊作者：黃鵬，博士，博士生導師，研究員，Email：huangtju@#edu.cn。*國家自然科學基金資助項目（51178352，51378396）。
