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（四川大學(xué)建筑與環(huán)境學(xué)院， 成都 610065）
［摘要］2008年汶川地震和2013年蘆山地震中，在地震烈度較低的地區(qū)也能觀察到大量燒結(jié)空心磚砌體填充墻發(fā)生震害的現(xiàn)象，造成了嚴(yán)重的經(jīng)濟損失，也極大地加重了災(zāi)后重建和修復(fù)的工作量。為了揭示其易損的原因，選擇四川地震災(zāi)區(qū)常用的三孔頁巖空心磚進行了抗壓強度和抗折強度試驗，分析了其強度特征。結(jié)果表明：試驗使用的空心磚的抗壓強度很低，其強度等級不足MU2-5，不滿足相關(guān)規(guī)范對空心磚最低強度等級的規(guī)定；空心磚3個受壓面的抗壓強度存在明顯差異。另需指出的是，地震中空心磚的主要受力方向與確定磚的強度等級時的加載方向不一致；空心磚的破壞呈現(xiàn)明顯的脆性特征，且強度離散性很大。可見地震中局部某塊磚的率先破壞可能導(dǎo)致填充墻整體的坍塌，空心磚自身的初始缺陷對抗壓性能影響不明顯，但對抗折性能影響較大。
［關(guān)鍵詞］燒結(jié)空心磚； 抗壓強度； 抗折強度； 強度特征； 應(yīng)力-應(yīng)變曲線
中圖分類號：TU997文獻標(biāo)識碼：A文章編號：1002-848X(2016)18-0113-05
Experimental study on mechanical properties of sintered shale hollow bricks
Mou Bingxiong, Li Bixiong, Peng Juan, Xiong Xuelu, Guo Chongbo， Jiang Xingxing
(College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China)
Abstract:During the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake and the 2013 Lushan earthquake, a large number of seismic damage phenomena in sintered hollow brick masonry filled walls could also be observed in areas with low seismic intensity, which had caused serious economic losses and greatly increased the workload of post disaster reconstruction and restoration. In order to reveal the cause of the damage, compressive strength and flexural strength tests were conducted on three-hole shale hollow bricks commonly used in earthquake stricken area in Sichuan to analyze its strength characteristics. The results show that the hollow bricks used in test have very low compressive strength with the strength grade of less than MU2-5 which do not meet the provisions of the lowest strength level of hollow bricks in relevant codes. Compressive strengths of three compression surfaces of hollow brick have obvious differences. It is also pointed out that the main stress direction of the hollow brick in the earthquake is not consistent with the loading direction in determining the strength grade of brick. The failure of the hollow brick is characterized by obvious brittleness, and the strength dispersion is very large. It′s predicted that the failure of a certain local brick in earthquake may lead to overall collapse of the filled wall. Effect of hollow brick′s initial imperfections on the compressive performance is not obvious, but the effect on bending properties is larger.
Keywords:sintered hollow brick; compressive strength; flexural strength; strength characteristic; stress-strain curve
*國家科技支撐計劃(2012BAK10B07)，四川大學(xué)地震災(zāi)后重建應(yīng)急研究項目(2013SCU190)。
作者簡介：牟兵雄，碩士研究生，Email: 562170150@qq.com。
