推覆分析的原理和實(shí)施
扶長(zhǎng)生 張小勇
- 摘 要
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扶長(zhǎng)生，張小勇(上海長(zhǎng)福工程結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)事務(wù)所，上海 200011)［摘要］綜述了推覆分析的發(fā)展歷史、基本原理及研究現(xiàn)狀，明確闡釋在線彈性階段，推覆分析等同于第1振型的反應(yīng)譜分析。屈服后，使用經(jīng)過動(dòng)力非線性分析校準(zhǔn)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)系數(shù)和線性等效，把反應(yīng)譜理論推廣到非線性分析中。分析得到的目標(biāo)位移及層位移曲線等具有統(tǒng)計(jì)意義上平均地震反應(yīng)的數(shù)學(xué)意義。討論了推覆分析的局限性及其對(duì)策。結(jié)合中國(guó)規(guī)范的實(shí)際情況，給出推覆分析的實(shí)施要點(diǎn)。最后，借鑒美國(guó)性能設(shè)計(jì)的研究成果，使用PERFORM\|3D成功地應(yīng)用推覆分析對(duì)高烈度設(shè)防區(qū)超限高層建筑的抗震性能作出評(píng)估。［關(guān)鍵詞］推覆分析； 目標(biāo)位移； 反應(yīng)譜分析； 統(tǒng)計(jì)意義上的平均中圖分類號(hào)：TU3982文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼：A文章編號(hào)：1002848X(2012)11000110Theory and practice of the Push over analysisFu Changsheng, Zhang Xiaoyong(Shanghai ChinaFu Structural Design Inc., Shanghai 200011, China)Abstract: After briefly reviewing the development history, basic principle and current state of Push over analysis, it directly pointed out that the Push over analysis is equivalent in the elastic range to the response spectrum analysis only by using the first mode. After yielding, it can be interpreted as an extension of response spectrum analysis for linear structures to the non linear range, by virtue of the empirical coefficients calibrated by a large number of dynamic non linear analysis and equivalent linearization. The target displacement and story displacement pattern along the height of the building obtained by the Push over analysis are the mean of the seismic responses in the statistical meaning. The limitations of Push over and the measures to be taken were also discussed. In combination of the current Chinese codes, guidelines for implementation of the Push over analysis were given. Finally, the seismic performance of an irregular tall building in high seismicity zone was successfully estimated by using the Push over analysis procedure compiled in PERFORM\|3D in accordance with the acceptance criteria provided in ASCE 41.Keywords: Push over analysis; target displacement; spectrum analysis; statistical mean作者簡(jiǎn)介：扶長(zhǎng)生，教授級(jí)高級(jí)工程師，Email：cfstruct@vip.sina.com。參考文獻(xiàn)［1］ ATC 40 Seismic evaluation and retrofit of concrete buildings ［S］. Applied Technology Council, 1996.［2］ FEMA 273 NEHRP Guidelines for the seismic rehabilitation of buildings ［S］. Federal Emergency Management Agency, 1997.［3］ 錢稼茹, 羅文斌. 基于位移的抗震設(shè)計(jì)研究現(xiàn)狀與展望［C］//第十六屆全國(guó)高層建筑結(jié)構(gòu)學(xué)術(shù)交流會(huì)論文集, 上海, 2000： 47\|53.［4］ 歐進(jìn)萍, 侯剛領(lǐng), 吳斌. 概率Pushover分析方法及其在結(jié)構(gòu)體系抗震可靠度評(píng)估中的應(yīng)用［J］. 建筑結(jié)構(gòu)學(xué)報(bào), 2001, 22(6): 81\|86.［5］ 朱杰江, 呂西林, 容柏生. 復(fù)雜體型高層結(jié)構(gòu)的推覆分析方法和應(yīng)用［J］. 地震工程與工程振動(dòng), 2003, 23(2): 26\|36.［6］ 呂西林, 朱杰江. 高層建筑結(jié)構(gòu)推覆分析及對(duì)設(shè)計(jì)的啟示［J］. 建筑結(jié)構(gòu)學(xué)報(bào), 2005, 26(6): 100\|107.［7］ 扶長(zhǎng)生. 江蘇方正大廈靜力彈塑性分析［C］//現(xiàn)代地震工程進(jìn)展. 南京: 東南大學(xué)出版社, 2002：294\|303.［8］ 扶長(zhǎng)生, 應(yīng)俊. 靜力非線性分析方法在抗震設(shè)計(jì)中的應(yīng)用［J］. 結(jié)構(gòu)工程師, 2004, 20(3): 32\|39.［9］ KRAWINKLER H, SENEVIRATNA G D P K. Pros and cons of a pushover analysis of seismic performance evaluation ［J］. Engineering Structures, 1998, 20(4\|6): 452\|464.［10］ CHOPRA A K. Dynamics of structures: Theory and applications to earthquake engineering ［M］. 2nd edition. 北京: 清華大學(xué)出版社, 2005.［11］ FEMA 440 Improvement of nonlinear static seismic analysis procedures ［S］. Federal Emergency Management Agency, 2005.［12］ FAJFAR P. Capacity spectrum method based on inelastic demand spectra ［J］. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics, 1999, 28: 979\|993.［13］ Computer & Structures Inc. Perform\|3D manualuser guide ［M］. Version 4. California：Berkeley, 2006.［14］ 魏璉, 王淼, 王志遠(yuǎn), 等. 靜力彈塑性分析方法的修正及其在抗震設(shè)計(jì)中的應(yīng)用［J］. 建筑結(jié)構(gòu), 2006, 36(8): 97\|102.［15］ ASCE/SEI 41\|06 Seismic rehabilitation of existing buildings ［S］. American Society of Civil Engineers, 2007.［16］ 扶長(zhǎng)生, 張小勇, 鞠進(jìn), 等. 高層建筑合理性能目標(biāo)的選取和實(shí)現(xiàn)［J］.建筑結(jié)構(gòu), 2011, 41(S1): 1\|8.［17］ 扶長(zhǎng)生, 張小勇, 鞠進(jìn), 等. 東莞天利中央花園抗震性能評(píng)估［J］. 建筑結(jié)構(gòu), 2011, 41(6): 74\|79.［18］ 王亞勇, 劉小第, 程明憲. 建筑結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)程分析法輸入地震波的研究［J］. 建筑結(jié)構(gòu)學(xué)報(bào), 1991, 12(2): 51\|60.
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